NAVIGATION FORUM CULTURES PUEBLOS BIRCHFIELD OVERVIEW PUEBLO PEOPLES LIVED THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST THOUSANDS ANCIENT RUINS PARTICULARLY ANCESTRAL PUEBLOAN CLIFF DWELLINGS SPECTACULAR NORTH THE END DROUGHTS FOURTEENTH CENTURY MODERN COMMUNITIES WATERSHED UPPER RIO GRANDE RIVER VALLEY NEW MEXICO THE LITTLE COLORADO RIVER PUEBLO TRIBES RELATED LANGUAGE FAMILIES CLOSE CONTACT EACH OTHER THE ARRIVAL EUROPEANS THE REGION SIXTEENTH CENTURY TODAY 19 PUEBLOS OF NEW MEXICO LOOSE CONFEDERATION THE ALL INDIAN PUEBLO COUNCIL AUTONOMOUS TRIBAL ABLE RETAIN TRIBAL LAND STRONG SENSE OF COMMUNITY LANGUAGES NAME SPANISH WORD VILLAGE THE PEOPLE COMMUNAL NO ONE KNOWS PRECISELY WHEN BELIEVED ARCHAIC DESERT CULTURE PEOPLES CELEBRATION SANTA CLARA PUEBLO ARCHAEOLOGISTS DEVELOPED EIGHT BASKETMAKER PERIOD PRIOR WOVEN CULTIVATION CORN GRAY DOMESTICATION SHORT SPEARS ATLATL THE BOW POTTERY BLACK PATTERN WHITE BASE PUEBLO I PERIOD HOUSES ABOVE GROUND STONE IMMEDIATELY CRADLE BOARDS ORANGE BLACK OR RED PUEBLO II PERIOD STONE MASONRY APARTMENTS SYSTEM ROADS CULTURE ALSO KNOWN AS PUEBLO III PERIOD SAW REACH GREATEST HEIGHT CHACO CANYON MESA TRADE DEVELOPMENT OF POLYCHROME POTS DIVERSE PUEBLO IV PERIOD GLAZING THE FIRST TIME PAINTINGS THE WALLS POPULATION CENTERS THE COLORADO PLATEAU PUEBLO V PERIOD HAD TO PICURIS HOPI PUEBLO PEOPLE NUMBER EXPLORATORY EXPEDITIONS BEGINNING CORONADO DISEASES RESISTANCE FINALLY COLONIZED THE EXPEDITION JUAN DE OATE SUFFERED THEIR LIVES SPANISH COLONIZATION OF SPANISH ERA PUEBLOS IN NEW MEXICO REDUCED TRIED FORCE CONVERT TO CHRISTIANITY FORCED LABOR ENCOMIENDA BENEFIT LABOR DISPUTES CIVIL RELIGIOUS AUTHORITIES CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE REVOLTED HISTORIC SOUTHWARD MIGRATION COMANCHES ONTO SOUTHERN DISPLACED EASTERN APACHES ALTERED RELATIONS THE REMAINDER SPANISH COLONIAL FIGHT TROOPS POLICIES ALLIANCES MEXICAN CITIZENS THE CONCLUSION THE MEXICAN THE ONLY INDIANS THE SOUTHWEST MEXICAN CITIZENSHIP CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES WAR GAIN CITIZENSHIP INDIAN CITIZENSHIP ACT OF 1924 MODERN ERA ANCESTRAL HOMELAND THE STATE NORTHEASTERN ARIZONA COMMUNITY OF ISLETA DEL SUR THE BORDER CENSUS SOMETIMES VARIATION FOR SOME REPORTS COMPILED FEDERAL THE BUREAU INDIAN AFFAIRS LABOR FORCE 1990 CENSUS RANKED LARGEST STATE CALIFORNIA INDIAN POPULATIONS TEXAS MODERN TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS ACOMA PUEBLO WEST SETTLEMENT THE UNITED DATING TWELFTH CENTURY THE SKY SITS PEOPLE THE ANCIENT ELECTRICITY RUNNING ACOMA PEOPLE LIVE IN NEARBY COCHITI PUEBLO SANTA INCOME VARIETY RECREATIONAL LEASES LANDS COCHITI LAKE ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS COCHITI DRUMS CRAFT STORYTELLER THE ORIGINAL CHURCH SEEN REBUILT ISLETA PUEBLO THE RIO GRANDE RIVER SOUTH JEMEZ PUEBLO ALBUQUERQUE AREA WILDERNESS THE LAST SURVIVORS PECOS PUEBLO PECOS ABANDONED HISTORICALLY BASKETS YUCCA LONGER ACTIVE STORYTELLER DOLL MAKERS LAGUNA PUEBLO KERESAN PAGUATE FAIR FEAST DAY RICH URANIUM MINE LAGUNA PROJECT MINING NAMBE PUEBLO THE EIGHT NORTHERN SANTA FE PICURIS PUEBLO PUEBLO REVOLT OF 1680 THE EARLY EIGHTEENTH CENTURY POJOAQUE PUEBLO LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY SMALLPOX EPIDEMIC ALMOST THE PRESENT DATES RUINS THE RUINS PUEBLO REVOLT TRADITIONAL DANCES REVENUES COMMERCIAL STRIP CHILDREN PERFORMING RITUAL HIGHWAY POJOAQUE THE MORE AFFLUENT SANDIA PUEBLO ACRES THE CENTER ANNUAL OPEN SAN FELIPE PUEBLO CEREMONIES GREEN CORN DANCE HUNDREDS SAN ILDEFONSO PUEBLO FAMOUS SAN ILDEFONSO HOST THE ANNUAL ARTIST CRAFTSMAN SAN JUAN THE SITE CAPITOL OF NEW MEXICO SANTA ANA PUEBLO CLOSED THE PUBLIC EXCEPT FEAST DAYS THE RESIDENTS LIVE ON FARMLAND OUTSIDE TRADITIONAL CRAFTS TOURS AVAILABLE PUYE CLIFF DWELLINGS SANTO DOMINGO PUEBLO TURQUOISE SILVER TAOS PUEBLO NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE TOWN OF TAOS THE FUR TRAPPING TESUQUE PUEBLO THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF ZIA PUEBLO ZIA SUN SYMBOL APPEARS JEMEZ RIVER SOLD COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION RESTAURANTS CAMPGROUND HAWIKUH RUINS THE NAVAJO THE VILLAGES OCCUPY RESERVATION ANCIENT FIRST MESA FOOT ISLETA DEL SUR PUEBLO ISLETA FLED ACCULTURATION ASSIMILATION AT HOME NATIVE WORLD IN THE WORLD DOMINANT AMERICAN CULTURE LEARNED PUEBLO CULTURE BECOMING IN TIMES PAST MIGHT BE FLUENT THE LANGUAGE THE OTHER FRONTIER CLOSE RELATIONS JICARILLA APACHE NAVAJOS COMMON OLDER INCREASINGLY YOUNG LEARNING ENGLISH UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE HOLD EVER STRONGER PRINT JOURNALISM PUBLIC LEARN BESIDES BELIEFS DANCES THE HEART TRADITIONAL DANCE COSTUMES NATIVE PEOPLES MASKED MALE DANCERS SAID TO ACTUALLY DANCERS PERFORM RITUALS CLOWNS ENGAGE INTERPRETED FOOLISH HUMAN SACRED WHOSE REASONS FEATURE HIGH THE SAN FRANCISCO PEAKS MONTHS ARRIVING BEAN LANGUAGE CLASSIFIED LANGUAGE ISOLATE PENUTIAN FAMILY TANOAN LANGUAGES HOPI LANGUAGE ISOLATE UNCLASSIFIED LANGUAGE TIWA TEWA TESUQUE SANTO EXPRESSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS LUNAR CYCLE MOON CEDAR DUST WIND THE LEAVES BREAK FORTH DARK GREEN TAKEN IN COMMUNITY DYNAMICS MATRILINEAL MATRILOCAL WIFE ABUSE THE WIFE THE PROTECTION CHILD CUSTODY UNKNOWN THE CHILD MEMBER CLAN REMAINS THE MOTHER SHOULD MARRIAGE MATRILOCAL RESIDENCE CLASSIC DESCRIPTION BUILDING SPECULATION THE CHANGE MASONRY ASP