WALL JOSHUA MARK ANTIQUITY VALLUM FRONTIER WORK IN NORTHERN BRITAIN DATES THE WALL COAST TO COAST FOLLOW US MEMBERSHIP SEARCH ENCYCLOPEDIA INDEX TIMELINE EXPLORE IMAGES TOOLS ANCIENT ATLAS WEIGHTS RANDOM PAGE LATIN DICTIONARY CONTENT STYLE GUIDE TERMS CONDITIONS JOIN THE TEAM TRAVEL CULTURE PHOTOS EXHIBITIONS INTERVIEWS EDUCATION ABOUT ABOUT EDITORIAL TEAM CONTACT PRIVACY ADVERTISEMENTS SUPPORT HOW TO HELP DONATE BOOKSHOP SHOP LOGIN REGISTER DEFINITION PUBLISHED 15 NOVEMBER LENGTH STATUTE MILES THOUGHT BOUNDARY BRITAIN THIS IS NOT NO ONE KNOWS THE ACTUAL MOTIVATION BEHIND CONSTRUCTION TWO COUNTRIES SIMPLY NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE THEORIES PURPOSE MASSIVE BUILDING PROJECT RANGE LIMITING INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AT BAY NORTH MILITARY EFFECTIVENESS SCHOLARS THE YEARS POSITIONING FORTIFICATIONS PROFESSORS FAGAN ARCHAEOLOGISTS WHETHER EFFECTIVE POWERFUL SYMBOL ROMAN HADRIAN EMPEROR THE ROMANS THE SAME WAY THE CHINESE THE GREAT WALL CHINA BARBAROUS STEPPE PEOPLES TO THE NORTH ADDITION PHYSICAL BARRIERS THE EYES OF BUILDERS REINFORCE DIVIDE CIVILIZED IDEOLOGY OF SUGGESTION HOLD BACK CONTROL THE PEOPLE OF THE NORTH SEEM SHOW SEEMS THE BEST EXPLANATION UNDERLYING MOTIVE CONSTRUCTION OF DEALING CONQUEST FIRST CONTACT JULIUS EXPEDITIONS ROME BEGIN THE YEAR EMPEROR CLAUDIUS THE REVOLT BOUDICCA OF THE ICENI THE MASSACRE ROMAN CITIZENS THE DESTRUCTION OF MAJOR CITIES LONDINIUM MODERN LONDON THE HISTORIAN TACITUS FULLY BARBARIC THE BRITONS THE ROMAN BOUDICCA THE BATTLE WATLING STREET GENERAL GAIUS SUETONIUS PAULINUS MONS GRAUPIUS THE REGION GNAEUS JULIUS AGRICOLA DECISIVE VICTORY CALEDONIANS CALGACUS THE UPRISING IN 11 UP TO THE TASK INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF FOREIGN POLICY IMPRESSIVE ILLUSTRATION CAESAR FAMOUS BRIDGE THE RHINE 55 BCE THEREFORE DO ANYTHING PRECISELY REMOVE ADVERTISEMENT PUBLIUS AELIUS HADRIANUS 76 CE RULED BUILDING LEGENDARY PENCHANT MONUMENTS EPONYMOUS THE WORK BEGUN STONE THE EAST UNEVEN TERRAIN CREATE REFLECTION THE POWER FEET WIDE HIGH EAST OF THE RIVER IRTHING WEST MADE UP STRETCHING BREADTH LABOUR LEGIONS PLANS IN PLACE PRIOR VISIT IN 12 ALREADY TRADITIONAL DATE INITIAL WORK ON THE WALL DITCH EARTHWORKS PARALLEL MEASURED 10 FEET MOUNDS PACKED COMPOSITION OF THE SITE RISE INTERPRETATION OF INVASION FORTS EVIDENCED EXISTING RUINS THE CLEAR INDICATION CAUSEWAYS THE DITCH FORTIFICATION ANTONINE WALL FURTHER NORTH ANTONINUS PIUS APPEARS EASIER ABANDONED OUTPOST SCOTLAND THE FIRTH OF FORTH FIRTH OF CLYDE SERVE WHITE WASHED SHINING BEACON MIGHT VISIBLE SPITE THE MANY INTENT DESIGN MARCUS AURELIUS DREW REIGN FORTIFIED GARRISONS BOUNDARIES MONUMENT AFFIRMATION LEFT ACTIVITY ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS PRESENCE SIGNIFIED PERSONAL PROJECTS THE LOCAL INHABITANTS HUGE BRITISH TROOPS HEADING TRACKS QUELL THE JACOBITE UPRISING DISAPPEARED ANTIQUARIAN JOHN CLAYTON BUYING THE LAND PRESERVE EXCAVATIONS ENTHUSIASM KEPT WHAT REMAINS INTACT WORLD HERITAGE SITE TODAY CARE ENGLISH HERITAGE COMMISSION RECOGNIZE HISTORICAL AUTHOR FREELANCE WRITER PROFESSOR PHILOSOPHY LIVED GREECE GERMANY TRAVELED TEACHES WRITE ORGANISATION RUN ARTICLE COSTS BOOKS SOURCE MATERIAL PLUS EDITING SERVER YOU CAN FREE LITTLE GIVE EXPERIENCE THANK MEMBER SHARE BIBLIOGRAPHY FRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CENTRE BRENDAN THE ANCIENT WORLD CHRIST C BRIAN ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS CITE LEGAL NOTICE WRITTEN BY CREATIVE LICENSE LETS BUILD CREDIT THE IDENTICAL RELATED DARRELL ROHL CENTRAL EDINBURGH LINEAR BARRIER STRETCHED THE CLYDE ESTUARY OLD KILPATRICK PROBABLY PICTS 18 DECEMBER NORTHERN SCOTLAND DEFINED TRIBAL UNITS WHOSE POLITICAL MOTIVATIONS DERIVED NEED TO ALLY COMMON SINGLE PEOPLE SCANDINAVIA COUNTRY NORTHERN GREAT BRITAIN THE ISLANDS THE HEBRIDES THE ORKNEYS NAME WORD DESIGNATED IRISH TRIBE INVADED THE KINGDOM DAL RIATA CLAIM THE ENGLISH MEANING EARTH PALISADE OUTER EDGE THE PALISADES EARLY ON HOMER 8TH CENTURY BCE POLYBIUS THE EDGE JOURNEY FROM THE HEART BRONWEN RILEY PEGASUS PETER HILL TEMPUS EMPIRE PRESS CHARLES RIVER CREATESPACE INDEPENDENT PUBLISHING PLATFORM BEYOND FIELDS OSPREY PUBLISHING EVENT VISUAL REVOLT BATTLE OF MONS GRAUPIUS RULES AS ROME BEGINS REBUILDING NEWSLETTER YOUR ONCE A WEEK ENTHUSIAST TEACHER STUDENT THANKS TO THE COMPANIES HELPING PARTNERS MAPS CONNECT FACEBOOK TWITTER GOOGLE PLUS TUMBLR PINTEREST INSTAGRAM LINKEDIN FEEDBACK COMPANY VISION ADVERTISE ACCOUNT SOME RIGHTS RESERVED ANCIENT HISTORY ORGANIZATION THE ANCIENT LOGO