ARTICLE THE HISTORY OF RAIL TRANSPORT BY COUNTRY RAILROADS ROLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNITED STATES THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE SETTLEMENT THE WEST THE AMERICAN RAILROAD MANIA BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD FLOURISHED PANIC BANKRUPTED COMPANIES THE SOUTH BUILD CONCENTRATED SHORT LINES LINKING COTTON REGIONS OCEANIC OR RIVER THE ABSENCE INTERCONNECTED NETWORK MAJOR HANDICAP THE CIVIL WAR THE NORTH MIDWEST SETTLED MIDWESTERN CORN BELT PERCENT FARMS FACILITATING THE SHIPMENT CATTLE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LARGE NUMBER THANKS TO FAST FINANCIAL SYSTEM WALL STREET ORIENTED THE MAJORITY TRUNK LINES STATE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS SUBSIDIZED OWNED THE SYSTEM TRUCKS AWAY FREIGHT AUTOMOBILES THE PASSENGER DIESEL ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES MUCH MORE EFFICIENT OPERATIONS FEWER WORKERS ON THE ROAD REPAIR LEFT RAIL SYSTEM THE HANDS ALMOST ALL PASSENGER TRAFFIC AMTRAK GOVERNMENT OWNED COMMUTER RAIL SERVICE CITIES THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA EQUIPMENT REDUCED FALLING ROUTE MILEAGE FELL FREIGHT RAILROAD CONTINUE PLAY MOVING IMPORTS EXPORTS COAL BRITISH NEWS MAGAZINE INDUSTRY THE BEST IN THE WORLD PRODUCTIVITY ROSE RATES ACCOUNTING SHARE FREIGHT MARKET HIGHEST FOR ANY RICH COUNTRY MASSACHUSETTS GRANITE RAILWAY COMMON CARRIER HAUL GRANITE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUNKER HILL MONUMENT AUTHORIZED DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANY GRAVITY RAILROAD MOHAWK AND HUDSON RAILROAD CARRY PASSENGERS BEND ERIE LINK PORT OF BALTIMORE THE OHIO RIVER THE STATE MARYLAND CHARTERED SECTION CAROLINA CANAL RAILROAD COMPANY CONNECT CHARLESTON SAVANNAH RIVER PENNSYLVANIA MAIN LINE OF PUBLIC WORKS PHILADELPHIA THE AMERICANS COPIED TECHNOLOGY COMMON CARRIER PASSENGER TRAIN SERVICE HORSES PULL TRAIN RAIL ROAD STEAM LOCOMOTIVE BEGINNING FRIEND REVENUE LOCOMOTIVES PETER COOPER TOM THUMB THIS WAS RUN IN DEMONSTRATION THE POTENTIAL TRACTION RATHER AMERICAN RAILROADS IMPORTED STOURBRIDGE LION JOHN BULL DOMESTIC MANUFACTURING QUICKLY THE DEWITT CLINTON REACHED EASTERN SEABOARD TO DO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LAND GRANT SYSTEM WEST MILLIONS ACRES SELL PLEDGE BONDHOLDERS TOTAL THE PROGRAM PROGRAM THE OPENING WESTERN THE UNION PACIFIC SAN FRANCISCO OMAHA EAST CHICAGO SHOPS SOON TURNPIKES DISPLACED STEAMBOAT SUPERIOR ALTERNATIVE MODES OF TRANSPORTATION PARTICULARLY WATER LOWERED COSTS CANALS RIVERS UNAVAILABLE WINTER SEASON SAFER LIKELIHOOD CRASH LESS THAN BOAT TRANSPORTATION SMALLER INVENTORY STORAGE INSURANCE RISK GOODS LIKEWISE CHANGED THE STYLE THE COMMON PERSON THE EARLY TRAVEL HORSE STAGE COACH THE NETWORK TRAILS DITCHES UNCOMFORTABLE ADDING LITTLE LEG PROVED THEMSELVES HEADACHE FREE RIDE PLENTY ROOM TO MOVE PASSENGER TRAINS MEALS SPACIOUS DINING CAR GOOD NIGHT SLEEP IN PRIVATE SLEEPING NEARLY OHIO MONEY ONES DIDNT BOUGHT THE TRANSCONTINENTAL COMPLETION TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD DRAMATICALLY UNIFICATION CIVIL CONSTRUCTION ACTUALLY NORTHEAST AGRICULTURAL SHIPPING TIMES IN THE SOUTH GAUGE STANDARD GAUGE FOOT INCHES TWO DAYS RIVER SYSTEM ARRAY BARGES PADDLE WHEEL STEAMBOATS COMPETED EFFICIENCY SPEED ALMOST YEAR ROUND FASTER NATURAL RIVER NEVER HAD BETTER SCHEDULING MORE OR LESS IF YOU LIVED WASNT FROZEN THE YEAR LONG DISTANCE TRANSPORT WAGON SLOW INLAND PORT PROSPERED TURNED STRATEGIC THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR MILLS FACTORIES KEPT SPARE PARTS THE WAR UNION RAIDERS SOMETIMES CONFEDERATES BRIDGES ROLLING STOCK BENT HINDER LOGISTICS LOCAL AFFAIRS BLOCKADED PORTS SEIZED THE KEY WAR ECONOMIC FORTUNES THE RAILROAD HOARDING CROP ATTEMPT FORCE EUROPEAN INTERVENTION BEREFT MAIN SOURCE HAD TO LAY OFF LET GO TECHNICIANS CONFEDERATE APPROACH OVERALL AIDING LEGISLATION IMPRESSMENT DE FACTO CONTROL CONFEDERATE MILITARY CONDITIONS THE CONFEDERACY BOTH SIDES FEEDER TORN UP TO HEAVY WORE CONFEDERATE RAILROAD THE SOUTHERN STATES BLOCKED EXPANSION SECESSION THE PACIFIC ACTS POSSIBLE TRIP NEW YORK SOUTHERN SANTA FE THE CANADIAN BORDER NORTHERN PACIFIC GREAT NORTHERN OFFERING INEXPENSIVE RANCHES CARRYING PIONEERS WHEAT MINERALS EASTWARD THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA NORTHERN REBUILDING MODERNIZED TERMS TRACK GAUGE STANDARDS MILES THE LINES NORTHERNERS HELPED CREATE SKILLED GROUP BROKE ISOLATION APART GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEPRESSION RAPID RAIL THE UNITED BANKRUPT BARELY ABLE INTEREST LAID OFF EMPLOYED SUBJECT TO CUTS WAGES SITUATION THE GREAT RAILROAD STRIKE OF THE GREAT STRIKE WEST VIRGINIA IN RESPONSE CUTTING FOR THE SECOND TIME THE STRIKE RELATED SPREAD PITTSBURGH BUFFALO LASTED THE INTERVENTION STATE MILITIAS FEDERAL LABOR UNREST SOUTHWEST INVOLVED THE NATION TONS THE US THE NATIONS LARGEST EMPLOYER OUTSIDE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR RAILWAYS RAPID HUNDREDS GOOD FARM LAND READY MECHANIZATION FOOD HUGE NATIONAL SALES THE CREATION CULTURE ENGINEERING THE MODERN FINANCIER MORGAN INCREASINGLY DOMINANT ORCHESTRATED PARTS RAISED SUMS HANDLING GREATER SPECULATORS VISION INTEGRATED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM SHORE LEASING NEW YORK CENTRAL THE PHILADELPHIA READING CHESAPEAKE OHIO RAILROAD TYCOON JAMES NORTHERN RAILWAY INDUSTRIALISTS CORNELIUS VANDERBILT JAY GOULD WEALTHY THE GRAND TRUNK MONOPOLISTIC CONGRESS INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT I