RADIATORS HEAT EXCHANGER USED TO TRANSFER THERMAL ENERGY FROM ONE MEDIUM PURPOSE COOLING THE MAJORITY FUNCTION AUTOMOBILES BUILDINGS ELECTRONICS RADIATOR ALWAYS HEAT HEATING THE FLUID COOLANT ENGINE COOLING BULK CONVECTION THERMAL RADIATION EXCEPTION RULE SPACECRAFT TERM CONVECTOR RADIATION THE ROMAN HYPOCAUST TYPE BUILDING SPACE HEATING INVENTED FRANZ SAN GALLI RUSSIA BUSINESSMAN LIVING PETERSBURG MIGHT EXPECT APPLY INFRARED HEATING DEVICE NATURAL FORCED CONVECTION IN PRACTICE NUMBER LIQUID EXPOSED PIPES FINS MEANS INCREASING SURFACE CLASS THE SOURCE CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEM HOT WATER SOMETIMES STEAM CENTRAL BOILER PUMPS THIS HEAT SURROUNDINGS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE MOTORCYCLE GENERATING PLANT ENGINES COOL DOWN THE ENGINE BLOCK WHERE IT INLET TANK CORE THE OPPOSITE THE TUBES THE HEAT LODGED RELEASE AMBIENT INCREASE CONTACT THUS THE EXCHANGE COOLED THE CYCLE REDUCE TEMPERATURE AIR TEMPERATURE KEEP OVERHEATING ADDITION PREVENT FREEZING LIMIT CORROSION CAVITATION THERMOSIPHON CIRCULATE PUMP UP TO CORES COPPER BRASS TANKS PLASTIC POLYAMIDE ALUMINIUM EVENTUALLY TAKING OVER VAST MAJORITY REDUCED SUPERIOR PROPERTIES PREFERENTIAL HIGH PERFORMANCE VEHICLES PARTICULAR CONSTRUCTIONS DOMINANT COPPER IN HEAT EXCHANGERS CUPROBRAZE TECHNOLOGY HARSH PRESSURE ENVIRONMENTS THE LATEST GENERATIONS CLEANER DIESEL ENGINE ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ADVANTAGES MATERIALS THERMAL DURABILITY CORROSION RESISTANCE ANTIMICROBIAL HEAT CAPACITY DENSITY VOLUME FLOW RATE MUST CAPTURE BLOW SAVE POWER CONSUMPTION BEHIND GRILLE THE FRONT RAM AIR GIVE NECESSARY AIR FLOW REMAINS BELOW SYSTEMS MAXIMUM THE FAN ELECTRONIC DEVICES PROBLEM WASTE HEAT TINY HEAT SINK ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AIR STREAM CONDUCTION PROPORTION LOW TEMPERATURE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES COMPONENTS WORK RADIATING ENERGY AWAY LIGHT INFRARED TEMPERATURES THE VACUUM SPACE NEITHER THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION SEEN WHITE ATTACHED MANNED