ECONOMICS INFLATION SUSTAINED INCREASE THE GENERAL PRICE LEVEL GOODS AND SERVICES ECONOMY PERIOD OF TIME THE PRICE LEVEL CURRENCY FEWER REDUCTION PURCHASING POWER MONEY LOSS REAL VALUE THE MEDIUM EXCHANGE ACCOUNT CHIEF MEASURE PRICE INFLATION INFLATION RATE PERCENTAGE CHANGE GENERAL PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICE INDEX OVER TIME THE OPPOSITE DEFLATION ECONOMY IN POSITIVE NEGATIVE THE OPPORTUNITY COST HOLDING UNCERTAINTY FUTURE DISCOURAGE INVESTMENT RAPID SHORTAGES GOODS CONSUMERS BEGIN HOARDING CONCERN PRICES IN THE FUTURE THE REAL PUBLIC PRIVATE DEBT NOMINAL INTEREST RATES ABOVE ZERO CENTRAL BANKS STABILIZE UNEMPLOYMENT WAGE RIGIDITY GENERALLY BELIEVE HIGH RATES HYPERINFLATION CAUSED THE MONEY SUPPLY MONEY SUPPLY CAUSE CONDITIONS LIQUIDITY TRAP MONETARY PUSHING ON A STRING FACTORS DETERMINE MODERATE ATTRIBUTED DEMAND CHANGES AVAILABLE SCARCITIES CONSENSUS VIEW PERIOD FASTER RATE ECONOMIC GROWTH SEVERITY ECONOMIC RECESSIONS ENABLING LABOR MARKET QUICKLY DOWNTURN RISK MONETARY POLICY THE TASK STABLE AUTHORITIES THE CENTRAL BANK CONTROL SETTING INTEREST RATE OPEN MARKET OPERATION BANKING RESERVE REQUIREMENTS QUANTITY OVERALL DEBASEMENT MEANS OF EXCHANGE SOCIETIES CHANGING GOLD THE GOVERNMENT COLLECT GOLD COINS MELT OTHER METALS COPPER REISSUE NOMINAL VALUE DILUTING THE GOLD ISSUE COINS AMOUNT USED TO THE COST COIN LOWERED SEIGNIORAGE PRACTICE SAME TIME RELATIVE VALUE NEED TO GIVE EXPERIENCE PRICE SONG DYNASTY CHINA THE PRACTICE PRINTING PAPER MONEY ORDER CREATE FIAT CURRENCY MONGOL YUAN DYNASTY SPENT FIGHTING LEADING YUAN DYNASTY THE MING DYNASTY REJECTED PAPER COPPER COINS SILVER THE SECOND HALF THE CENTURY HALF THE WESTERN EUROPE EXPERIENCED MAJOR INFLATIONARY CYCLE REVOLUTION AVERAGE RISING THIS WAS SUDDEN FROM THE NEW WORLD HABSBURG SPAIN SPREAD PREVIOUSLY DEMOGRAPHIC UPWARD PRESSURE EUROPEAN POPULATION DEPOPULATION THE BLACK DEATH THE NINETEENTH CENTURY CATEGORIZED RISE FALL IN CHANGE PRODUCTION COSTS THE PRICE OF MONEY COMMODITY CONTENT CURRENCY DEPRECIATION METAL PROLIFERATION PRIVATE BANKNOTE PRINTED THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR TERM APPEAR DIRECT REFERENCE BANKNOTES THAT TIME DEVALUATION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRECIATION CLASSICAL DAVID HUME DAVID RICARDO GO ON EXAMINE DEBATE CURRENCY DEVALUATION MONETARY INFLATION EVENTUALLY ADOPTION VARIATIONS SUPPLY OF MONEY HUGE TAKEN NUMBER EPISODES EXTREME INFLATION RATES HIGHER PERIODS COMMODITY MONEY HYPERINFLATION IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC GERMANY MONEY IN CIRCULATION THE WORD TODAY REFER TO IN THE MONEY DISTINGUISH CLARITY THE LONG RUN CONCEPTUALLY TREND PEOPLE BUY MORE CUCUMBERS TOMATOES RELATED SHIFT IN ITSELF NEW GOLD DEPOSITS THE PRICE OF GOLD CONCEPTS DISINFLATION DECREASE INFLATIONARY SPIRAL STAGFLATION COMBINATION SLOW REFLATION ATTEMPT RAISE DEFLATIONARY PRESSURES ASSET PRICE INFLATION FINANCIAL ASSETS POSSIBLE BROAD REPRESENTING PERSONAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES GDP DEFLATOR PRICE INDICES BE USED TO DESCRIBE TANGIBLE ASSET FINANCIAL ASSET ENTERTAINMENT HEALTH LABOR VALUES CAPITAL ASSETS CASUALLY SAID TO SHOULD CONFUSED DEFINED ACCURATE DESCRIPTION CAPITAL ASSET INDEX THE PRODUCER EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX PARTICULAR SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY CORE INFLATION SUBSET CONSUMER FOOD ENERGY RISE AND FALL SHORT THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD PAYS ATTENTION THE CORE ESTIMATE TRENDS CALCULATED CALCULATING THE MOVEMENT PERCENTAGE RATE OF CHANGE RETAIL PRICES INDEX THE UNITED KINGDOM BASKET OF GOODS ILLUSTRATE THE METHOD FORMULA THE ANNUAL THE COURSE THE YEAR MEANING ROSE PERCENT PRODUCER DOMESTIC PRODUCERS SUBSIDIZATION TAXES DELAY PRODUCER PRICE INDEX THE PRESSURE PUT ON COSTS OFFSET INCREASING INDIA THE UNITED VERSION WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX COMMODITY PRICE INDICES SELECTION THE PRESENT WEIGHTED IMPORTANCE COMPONENTS THE ALL CORE OIL PRICES SUPPLY AND DEMAND THE FOOD OIL DETECT PRICE LEVELS STATISTICAL REPORT VOLATILE LESS SHORT RUN CENTRAL BANK RELY ON IT IMPACT CURRENT COMMON THE GOODS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT THE US COMMERCE DEPARTMENT DEFLATOR US GDP NOMINAL GDP DIVIDED BY REAL GDP REGIONAL THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS DOWN CALCULATIONS REGIONS HISTORICAL COLLECTING CONSISTENT ECONOMETRIC DATA STANDARD PURPOSE RATHER STANDARDS OF LIVING THE EARLY COMPILED DIFFERENCES STANDARD OF LIVING PRESENCE STOCK ACCEPTED CENTRAL BANKERS WIDER GENERAL PRICE LEVEL ASSET PRICES REASON RAISING REAL ESTATE PRICES LOWERING MIGHT BE BUBBLES MEASURING OBJECTIVE MEANS DISTINGUISHING CORN DIFFERENCE BASKET REPRESENTATIVE THE COMBINED SUM OF THE BASKET MULTIPLYING THE UNIT ITEM PRICING NECESSARY UNIT PRICE USES COLLECTED SURVEYING HOUSEHOLDS PROPORTION SPENDING WEIGHTS RELATE RELATION THE BASE HAS TO CONSIDERATION THE WAY TYPE THE SORTS OLDER QUALITY EXISTING PREFERENCES CHANGED KEEP PACE NUMBERS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED DIFFERENTIATE HEATING COLDER SEASONAL FUEL AVERAGED SUBJECTED TECHNIQUES REMOVE NOISE VOLATILITY LOOKING FOCUS CERTAIN SPECIAL INDICES WEIGHTED AVERAGES LEAD LEGITIMATE DISPUTES TRUE PROBLEM CHOOSING MEDIAN GOVERNMENTS INTENTIONALLY FALSE ARGENTINA ECONOMIC DATA GDP POLITICAL GAIN REDUCE PA