POTENTIALLY HABITABLE WORLDS THE PLANETARY SOCIETY ABOUT US PRESS ROOM LIBRARY SHOP CONTACT MEMBER LOGIN CITIZENS ADVANCE SPACE SCIENCE EXPLORE PROJECTS TOPICS THE PLANETARY REPORT FOR KIDS UPDATE CONNECT EXPERTS SHARE YOUR STORY SIGN BLOGS BILL NYE EMILY LAKDAWALLA BRUCE CASEY MAT KAPLAN JASON DAVIS MULTIMEDIA PLANETARY RADIO PLANETARY TV ASTRONOMY COURSE THE BRUCE MURRAY IMAGE GET INVOLVED SPACE ADVOCATE VOLUNTEER TRAVEL JOBS EVENTS DONATE HELP SHAPE THE FUTURE SPACE EXPLORATION JOIN ENEWSLETTER UPDATES ACTION ALERTS SPAM CONTROL PLEASE LEAVE FIELD EMPTY FRANCK MARCHIS EXTRASOLAR PLANETS POST COSMIC DIARY BLOG HERE TEAM ANNOUNCED THE DISCOVERY OF EXOPLANETS ULTRA COOL TRAPPIST TELESCOPE THAT DAY NO ONE LESS THAN DISCOVERY BUT HERE WE ARE NATURE SEVEN NASA MIGHT LIQUID WATER REPRESENTATION OF SYSTEM SHOWS PLANETS HARBOR OUTER PLANET PROBABLY THE MIDDLE MIGHT BE JUST RIGHT STAR MILKY THE MASS OF THE SUN COLD TEMPERATURE DWARF POPULATION THE STAR OUR GALAXY DETECTED TRANSIT THE SHADOW PLANET PASSING HOST EDGE HABITABLE ZONE ENERGIZED EXCITED THE TEAM FOLLOW THE SECOND HALF SPITZER TELESCOPE PROGRAM MONITORING ALMOST TWENTY SPITZER TELESCOPES DETECT ANTICIPATED THE EXISTENCE DATA REVEALED PRESENCE TRAPPIST 1B IN ORBIT ORBITAL PERIODS SHORT TWELVE DAYS MEASUREMENTS TINY WEALTH INFORMATION MASSES MEASURING PRECISELY GRAVITY OTHER PLANETS VIEW PLANETARY SYSTEM SHOWING CIRCULAR ORBITS THE SEVEN THE RED DWARF THE GREEN AREA EXIST THE SURFACE SO WHAT LEARNED MERCURY ORBITS THIS IS NOT EQUIVALENT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM MINUSCULE VERSION RATIO JUPITER GALILEAN MOONS SIMILAR TRAVEL SAME DIRECTION MILLION YEARS AGO DEPTH MEASUREMENT RADIUS EARTH MARS RANGE TO 11 SIZE OF EARTH ACCURATE ENOUGH GRAVITATIONAL WE CAN INFER THE MASS THE FIRST SIX HENCE ROCKY DENSITY AMOUNT ENERGY SUITABLE SURFACE ATMOSPHERE INCIDENT FLUX THE INCIDENT VENUS AND MARS SEVEN PLANETS DISCOVERED RADIAL VELOCITY TIMES THE HOST STARS ICE GAS GIANTS THE FIRST TIME TEMPERATE OUT THERE COUSIN LESS INTERESTING LOCATION MARS AND VENUS ANYMORE IN OTHER WORDS OCEANS NEED APERTURE JWST SPACE TELESCOPE ARIEL DERIVE THE HUBBLE TRIED EXOSPHERE ON ONE THE PLANETS SUCCESS IN MY OPINION COMPLEX CASCADE RANDOM REALLY CLOSE TIDALLY LOCKED HEMISPHERE AT ALL TEMPERATURES FROM ONE THE OTHER OBSERVATIONS MODELING UNDERSTAND EXIT STRANGE WORLDS SCALE EACH OTHER RED DWARF STAR SIMILARITY CALCULATED ABEL MENDEZ FOR EACH COMPARISON DIRECT MEASURE FUZZY DISTANCE PROPERTIES LAST ASTRONOMERS TERRESTRIAL PLANET PROXIMA CENTAURI AWAY GROUP LIVE FOREVER THE FIELD DOUBT EMMANUEL BUILDING SPECULOOS ROBOTIC TELESCOPES CERRO PARANAL SURVEY RED DWARFS EXPECT DOZEN SYSTEMS THIS ONE THE OPPORTUNITY DIVERSITY ATMOSPHERES CLIMATES STRANGE NEW WORLDS FLOURISH THE BEGINNING OF BIOLOGISTS WE ARE BEGINNING UNIMAGINABLE NEED TO BUILD INSTRUMENTS PRIZE SEE OTHER RELATED DYNAMICS RIGHT ON DOORSTEP JET STREAM READ MIKE ALAN STERN CONTENTION THE CURRENT IAU DEFINITION OF A PLANET SO CLOSE TO EACH FIELDS NUDGING ESTIMATE THINK MEET SEE THIS ESSAY STABLE ANYONE SIMULATED GOD YEARS AGO ALLAH SEVEN HEAVENS THE EARTH THE LIKE COMMAND KNOW THAT POWER ALL THINGS SAKE TELL LEAVE MUST LOGGED IN LOG IN SECTION SEARCH SELECT BEST OF MISSION STATUS PRETTY PICTURES CITIZEN SCIENCE EXPLAINING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY HISTORY PODCASTS PERSONAL STORIES SCIENCE WRITING INTERVIEW OBITUARY PRODUCT REVIEW CONFERENCE REPORT OPINION 3D ANIMATION GLOBAL MANY WORLDS SPACECRAFT AMATEUR MISSIONS PICS PRESENTATION SLIDES TRAJECTORY SOCIETY PLANETARY SOCIETY PEOPLE VIDEO POLITICAL ADVOCACY MARS CLIMATE SOUNDER MESSAGES FROM EARTH PHOBOS SHUTTLE PIONEER ANOMALY DEEP DRILL PLANETARY DEFENSE MIRROR BEES SETI SHOEMAKER GRANTS ALPHA CENTAURI LASER FINDS LIGHTSAIL PAST NAMES THINGS VOLUNTEER MEETING PUBLIC OUTREACH LECTURE SCHOOL VISIT STAR PARTY POLICY SPACE POLICY NASA BUDGET BUDGET FUTURE CONCEPTS PRIVATE SPACEFLIGHT HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT ASTRONAUT SPACE SHUTTLE PROGRAM ORION HUMANS HORIZON GOAL INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION RUSSIAN CHINESE COMMERCIAL SPACEFLIGHT TECHNOLOGY FUTURE TECHNOLOGY SOLAR SAILING SUNDIALS DEEP SPACE NETWORK ROCKETS RADAR IMAGING TARGETS THE SUN VENUS THE MOON PHOBOS DEIMOS MOONS RINGS EUROPA GANYMEDE CALLISTO SATURN MIMAS ENCELADUS TETHYS DIONE RHEA TITAN IAPETUS URANUS NEPTUNE TRITON ASTEROIDS COMETS EARTH IMPACT HAZARD METEORITES METEORS CENTAURS VULCANOIDS ASTEROID CERES ASTEROID 16 PSYCHE 162173 RYUGU PALLAS ASTEROID 21 LUTETIA 243 IDA DACTYL 25143 ITOKAWA 253 MATHILDE 2867 STEINS VESTA ASTEROID 4179 TOUTATIS ASTEROID 433 EROS ASTEROID 951 GASPRA COMET BORRELLY COMET HARTLEY 2 SIDING SPRING COMET TEMPEL 1 COMET WILD 2 CHARON ERIS PLUTO DWARF PLANETS BEYOND NEW HORIZONS TARGET MARINER 10 MESSENGER BEPICOLOMBO VENUS EXPRESS AKATSUKI IKAROS OBSERVING LUNAR SOVIET CHANDRAYAAN JAPANESE LCROSS ARTEMIS GRAIL LUNAR RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER LADEE MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR MARS PATHFINDER SOJOURNER PHOENIX MARS EXPLORATION ROVERS OPPORTUNITY SPIRIT MARS EXPRESS MARS ODYSSEY MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER CURIOSITY EXOMARS MAR