POPE PAUL III ALESSANDRO FARNESE POPE DEATH PAPAL THRONE SACK OF ROME RIFE THE CATHOLIC CHURCH THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION PONTIFICATE THE SPIRIT OF CATHOLIC RELIGIOUS ORDERS THE JESUITS BARNABITES THE CONGREGATION OF THE ORATORY POPULAR THE COUNCIL OF TRENT PATRON OF THE ARTS EMPLOYED NEPOTISM ADVANCE THE POWER FORTUNES HIS FAMILY NICOLAUS COPERNICUS DE REVOLUTIONIBUS ORBIUM REVOLUTIONS CELESTIAL SPHERES CANINO LATIUM THE PAPAL STATES PIER LUIGI SIGNORE WIFE GIOVANNA MEMBER CAETANI FAMILY POPE BONIFACE VIII FARNESE FAMILY PROSPERED CENTURIES ASCENDENCY THE PAPACY DEDICATION FAMILY INCREASE WEALTH AND POWER HUMANIST EDUCATION THE UNIVERSITY OF PISA THE COURT LORENZO DE MEDICI TRAINED APOSTOLIC NOTARY THE ROMAN CURIA POPE ALEXANDER VI SANTI COSMA E DAMIANO MISTRESS ALEXANDER VI INSTRUMENTAL SECURING HER BROTHER SOMETIMES BORGIA THE BRIDE OF CHRIST CARDINAL BISHOP OF PARMA UNDER THE INFLUENCE VICAR BARTOLOMEO GUIDICCIONI THE FUTURE BREAKING THE RELATIONSHIP HIMSELF REFORM PARMA POPE CLEMENT VII CARDINAL BISHOP OF OSTIA DEAN OF THE COLLEGE OF CLEMENT VII YOUNG ALESSANDRO LIVED TAKING THREE SONS TWO DAUGHTERS SILVIA PIER LUIGI FARNESE WHOM DUKE OF PARMA RANUCCIO FARNESE COSTANZA FARNESE ELEVATION CARDINALATE AGED GUIDO ASCANIO SFORZA DISPLEASED REFORM PARTY DREW PROTEST THIS WAS SACRED COLLEGE CALIBRE REGINALD POLE GASPARO CONTARINI JACOPO SADOLETO GIOVANNI PIETRO CARAFFA POPE PAUL IV ARTISTIC PAULS REIGN DEPICTION THE LAST JUDGEMENT MICHELANGELO SISTINE CHAPEL VATICAN PALACE THE WORK COMMISSIONED PAUL PREDECESSOR IN AS BEGUN CONSTRUCTION OF THE PALAZZO CENTRAL ELECTION SIZE MAGNIFICENCE BUILDING PROGRAMME CHANGE PALACE THE ARCHITECT ANTONIO DA SANGALLO YOUNGER ARCHITECTURAL REFINEMENT GIACOMO DELLA PORTA PRESENCE SURROUNDINGS IN AN EXPRESSION OF VILLA FARNESE CAPRAROLA SIMILAR ELDERLY TAKE OVER SUPERVISION PETERS BASILICA PAINT THE CRUCIFIXION PETER THE CONVERSION OF MICHELANGELOS LAST FRESCOES PAULINE CHAPEL THE VENETIAN ARTIST TITIAN PAINTED PORTRAIT THE POPE PAUL III GRANDSONS CARDINAL ALESSANDRO FARNESE OTTAVIO FARNESE CAPODIMONTE MUSEUM NAPLES THE MILITARY FORTIFICATIONS ROME THE ANCIENT BRONZE EMPEROR MARCUS AURELIUS CAPITOLINE HILL WHERE IT PIAZZA CAMPIDOGLIO EXECUTED GUGLIELMO DELLA PORTA THE FOURTH PERIOD ACTIVE IN RESPONSE SOON JUNE PAUL SUMMONED GENERAL COUNCIL MEET MANTUA THE OPPOSITION PROTESTANT PRINCES THE REFUSAL THE DUKE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF MAINTAINING ORDER FRUSTRATED THE WHOLE NINE DISTINGUISHED LEARNING PIETY COMMITTEE REPORT THE REFORMATION REBUILDING TURNED ECCLESIA GROSS CHURCH ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC WORSHIP PROFFERING BOLD EARNEST WORD BEHALF PRINTED STRASBURG ELSEWHERE PROTESTANTS THOROUGH MARTIN LUTHER EDITION VIGNETTE SHOWING THE CARDINALS CLEANING AUGEAN STABLE PROBLEM CHARLES V REST PROBLEMS COUNCIL PROCEDURE SHOULD LEAVE NO ROOM FOR DOUBT CLEAR CONCILIUM BORE FRUIT THE ACTUAL RESULTS COMMITTEES CONSEQUENCE CAMPAIGN IDOLATRY THE DISMANTLING THE SHRINE THOMAS BECKET EXCOMMUNICATED HENRY VIII ON THE OTHER HAND POLITICAL COMPLICATIONS VEST GRANDSON DUKEDOM CAMERINO URBINO VIRTUAL WAR IMPOSITION PERUGIA BESIEGED FREEDOM COLONNA ASCANIO AFTER THIS OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZED SOCIETY FORMING IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA THE SOCIETY OF JESUS VISIBLE STAGE THE PROCESS MARKED THE HOLY OFFICE THE INQUISITION INQUISITION FORWARD DESIGNS TOWARD RECOVERY THE GERMAN GIOVANNI MORONE NUNCIO HAGENAU WORMS ADJUSTMENT PROCEEDINGS CONFERENCE OF REGENSBURG CONTARINI DEFINITION CONNECTION ARTICLE JUSTIFICATION FAMOUS FORMULA FAITH ALONE THE ROMAN CATHOLIC DOCTRINE GOOD WORKS REJECTED CONSISTORY LUTHER ACCEPT TAUGHT DIFFERENTLY THE PRESENT PARTICULARLY REGENSBURG CONFERENCE PROVED CEASE FINALLY CONVOKED THE BULL LAETARE THE PEACE CRESPY THE SITUATION ITSELF EMPEROR CHARLES V DOWN PROTESTANTISM PENDING THE DIET JOINT ACTION PAPAL LEGATE WAS TO PROJECTED WAR AGAINST EVANGELICAL PROMPT ACQUIESCENCE THE WAR PROJECT PROBABLY PERSONAL THE MOMENT FOR HIM PREOCCUPIED ACQUIRE FOR HIS SON DUCHIES PARMA AND PIACENZA THOUGHT RELUCTANCE LESS DOMAINS NEPI COMPENSATION EXTENT SUMS GERMANY IN THE WEST MOVEMENTS AT WORK ARCHBISHOPRIC OF COLOGNE COMPLETE SUCCESS CITY COUNCIL THE MAJORITY CHAPTER HERMANN OF WIED RANK COMPELLED IN THE MEANTIME OPEN WARFARE CITIES ALLIED THE SCHMALKALDIC LEAGUE PHILIP OF HESSE CLOSE SOUTH VICTORY THE BATTLE IMPERIAL SOVEREIGNTY HANDS LEADERS NORTH VIRTUE AUGSBURG INTERIM ROMAN STOOD MATTER TOTAL RUPTURE THE IMPERIAL FERRANTE GONZAGA THE POPES ASSASSINATED PIACENZA BELIEVED PASS THE EMPERORS FOREKNOWLEDGE FRANCIS I OF FRANCE ONCE AGAIN STRESS CIRCUMSTANCES TO DO ECCLESIASTICAL REFERENCE RESTITUTION NAME SAKE DESIGN REFUSED SURRENDER HEIR IN CONSEQUENCE VIOLENT ACCOUNT THE AGE OVERWROUGHT ATTACK FOUNDATION LAID DECREED EXCOMMUNICATION KING HENRY VIII OF ENGLAND DOCUMENTS BULLS SUBLIMUS DEI UNIGENITUS VERITAS IPSA PASTORALE OFFICIUM THE BRIEF EXECUTION BULL SETTLE DIFFERENCE FRANCISCANS DOMINICANS THE MAGNA CARTA HUMAN RIGHTS INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE AMERICAS DECLARATION THE INDIANS HUMAN BEINGS AUTOMATIC FOR