TERM RECONSTRUCTION ERA THE CONTEXT THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED SENSES COVERS THE COMPLETE HISTORY ENTIRE COUNTRY THE CIVIL WAR SENSE THE TRANSFORMATION THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES THE RECONSTRUCTION OF STATE PRESIDENTS ABRAHAM LINCOLN ANDREW JOHNSON MODERATE POSITIONS THE SOUTH NORMAL QUICKLY RADICAL REPUBLICAN CONGRESS BLOCK IMPOSE HARSH UPGRADE RIGHTS FREEDMEN JOHNSON LENIENT POLICY TOWARD LINCOLNS LAST SHOW ENFRANCHISEMENT INTERPRETATIONS OF POLICIES CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS RADICALS TAKE CONTROL REMOVE CONFEDERATES ENFRANCHISE REPUBLICAN COALITION POWER NEARLY THE SOUTHERN STATES TRANSFORM THE SOCIETY SETTING FREE LABOR ARMY FREEDMENS BUREAU THE BUREAU PROTECTED LEGAL RIGHTS THOUSANDS NORTHERNERS SOUTH POLITICIANS HOSTILE ELEMENTS CARPETBAGGERS REBUILDING THE RUNDOWN RAILROAD SYSTEM MAJOR DEPRESSION PANIC FRUSTRATED OPPOSITION TO CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION FILED IMPEACHMENT CHARGES THE ACTION FAILED VOTE THE SENATE CIVIL RIGHTS BILLS SENT BILL THE LIFE ORGANIZATION REFUGEES FREED SLAVES DEFINED PERSONS THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL CITIZENS WERE TO ENJOY EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW VETOED PERMANENT RUPTURE RELATIONSHIP CIVIL RIGHTS ACT LAW PRESIDENTIAL VETO PRESIDENT ULYSSES GRANT RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION THE PROTECTION AFRICAN AMERICANS IN ENFORCEMENT ACTS THE KU KLUX KLAN RESOLVE INSIDE THE REPUBLICAN PARTY THE CARPETBAGGERS THE SCALAWAGS WHITES IN THE SOUTH CONSERVATIVES CLOSE COOPERATION THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY ALLEGED CORRUPTION STATE SPENDING THE OPPOSITION VIOLENTLY SOUTHERN STATE PUBLIC SUPPORT VOTERS SLAVERY CONTROL OF THE HOUSE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORAL FORCING THE FINAL DECISION CENTRAL SURVIVAL STATE GOVERNMENTS IN AS ELECT RUTHERFORD HAYES CHAPTER THE HISTORY OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE UNITED CONSIDER LEFT BACKWATER DEPENDENT ON AGRICULTURE WHITE SOUTHERNERS SOON LEGAL POLITICAL DOMINANCE BLACKS INTIMIDATION HISTORIAN ERIC FONER WHAT REMAINS CERTAIN FAILURE DISASTER WHOSE MAGNITUDE CANNOT GENUINE DIFFERENT TIMES FEDERAL FINALLY THE COMPROMISE RECENT DECADES FOLLOW DATING RATHER ENDING ALWAYS THE NORTH THE WAR EARNEST EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION CONFEDERATE STATES UNDER CONTROL THE US ARMY PRESIDENT ABRAHAM LINCOLN GOVERNMENTS IN TENNESSEE ARKANSAS LOUISIANA EXPERIMENTED SLAVES SOUTH CAROLINA FALL PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON NATIONAL UNITY REPUBLICANS ACCEPT REJECTED WHOM HIGH CONFEDERATE OFFICIALS MONTHS BROKE THE REPUBLICANS BUREAU TURNED ON ISSUE SWEEPING VICTORY RADICAL REPUBLICANS SUFFICIENT CONTROL OF CONGRESS CIVILIAN FORMER CONFEDERACY RULE CONDUCTED LEADING THE CONFEDERACY DENIED THE VOTE RUN COALITIONS BLACK WHITE CARPETBAGGER SCALAWAG BIRACIAL FUNDING PUBLIC SCHOOLS RAISING TAXES OFFERING MASSIVE SUPPORT TRANSPORTATION CONSERVATIVE THE REPUBLICAN REGIMES CORRUPT SECRET TERRORIST FEDERAL INTERVENTION DEMOCRATS CALLING THEMSELVES REDEEMERS CONTROL STATE SOMETIMES FRAUD DEEP NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEMOCRATIC COLLAPSE FRUSTRATION THE END PERIOD INTERVENTION CEASED THE LAST THREE STATE GOVERNMENTS IN THIS WAS REDEMPTION STATE LEGISLATURES ENACTED JIM CROW LAWS BEGINNING DISENFRANCHISED POOR WHITES COMBINATION CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS ELECTORAL LAWS THE WHITE SOUTHERNERS MEMORY OF ROLE IMPOSING THE SYSTEM WHITE SUPREMACY CITIZEN SHIP THE AGE JIM CROW THE ELEVEN REGAIN THE CONSTITUTION REPUBLICAN FORM OF GOVERNMENT CIVIL STATUS LEADERS CONSTITUTIONAL LEGAL STATUS WHETHER SHOULD THE RIGHT INTENSE CONTROVERSY THE LAWS LAID THE FOUNDATION FOR RADICAL PHASE THE RECONSTRUCTION OFFICIALLY EQUAL RIGHTS VOTING TAKING POLITICAL OFFICE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS PARAMILITARY ORGANIZATION LEAGUE RED SHIRTS DRIVING PRESIDENT GRANT FEDERAL POWER EFFECTIVELY SHUT DOWN THE KKK THE EARLY BOURBON WING THE NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY TERMS NAME PLANTER CLASS WHIGS COMMITTED ECONOMIC BANKS BELIEVED FREE ENTERPRISE INDUSTRIALIZATION THE LIBERAL OUTLOOK EXCEPT SAW THE FEDERAL MILITARY PASSAGE AMENDMENTS LEGACY RECONSTRUCTION AMENDMENTS SUPREME COURT RULINGS THE CENTURY STRUCK DOWN SCHOOL SEGREGATION SECOND RECONSTRUCTION CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT LAWS SEGREGATION POLLS ECONOMY IN TOWNS CITIES TOTAL POPULATION PEOPLE ONE POINT UNION ELEVEN DAMAGED WAR ATLANTA RICHMOND POPULATIONS URBAN NUMBER LIVED RURAL RATE DAMAGE SMALLER COURTHOUSES BURNED FARMS STOCK MULES CATTLE LIVESTOCK VALUE FARM IMPLEMENTS MACHINERY CENSUS REDUCED THE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE LITTLE RIVERBOAT SERVICE AVAILABLE MOVE CROPS ANIMALS MILEAGE RURAL AREAS RAIL YARDS REPAIR SHOPS ROLLING STOCK AREAS REACHED UNTOUCHED LACK MAINTENANCE THE ABSENCE HEAVY DELIBERATE RELOCATION EQUIPMENT THE CONFEDERATES REMOTE THE WAR ZONE RUINED WARS END THE RAILROAD HIGH PRIORITY COST WAR EFFORT TOLL DIRECT COSTS HUMAN CAPITAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES PHYSICAL DESTRUCTION TOTALED CONFEDERATE DOLLAR HAD TO RESORT ELSE SCARCE EMANCIPATION SOUTHERN ECONOMY INVESTMENT PLANTERS MINIMAL WORKERS BRING IN SHARECROPPING DEVELOPED LANDOWNERS BROKE UP PLANTATIONS LOTS ELITE MINORITY LANDED GENTRY FARMING AGRICULTURE MIGRATION AFRICAN AMERICANS JOBS RAIL ROLLING LUMBER MILLS HOTEL SLAVE TRANSLATED LARGE NUM