ARCTIC EXPLORATION THE CANADIAN ENCYCLOPEDIA HISTORICA CANADA ARTS STORIES CITIZENSHIP CHALLENGE ENCOUNTERS WITH CANADA HERITAGE MINUTES PASSAGES CANADA THE MEMORY PROJECT RESOURCES TIMELINES YOUR TEACHERS LOG IN THE CANADIAN EVENTS PEOPLE PLACES THINGS ATHLETIC AWARDS REPORTS COMPETITIONS FESTIVALS HISTORICAL HOLIDAYS LAW POLICY MILITARY ENGAGEMENTS PERFORMANCES POLITICAL PROTESTS WEATHER PHENOMENA ACTORS BUILDERS ARTISTS ATHLETES BUSINESSWOMEN PRODUCERS DIVERSE COMMUNITIES DOCTORS HEALTH ADMINISTRATORS EDUCATORS PUBLIC SERVANTS ENVIRONMENTALISTS EXPLORERS FRENCH CANADIANS GAMERS HISTORICAL FIGURES INDIGENOUS PEOPLE INVENTORS INNOVATORS JUDGES CRIMINALS LEADERS ACTIVISTS MUSICIANS POLITICIANS SCIENTISTS WOMEN WRITERS ACADEMICS CITIES POPULATED PLACES COASTAL REGIONS EXPLORATION GEOGRAPHY HALLS THEATRES ISLANDS LAKES RESERVOIRS FEATURES LANDMARKS MONUMENTS MOUNTAINS ARCHIVES PARKS HISTORIC SITES TRAILS PROVINCES TERRITORIES RIVERS WATERFALLS AGRICULTURE ARCHITECTURE BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS CULTURE EDUCATION ENTERTAINMENT ENVIRONMENT GOVERNMENT INNOVATIONS TECHNOLOGY LAW LITERATURE MILITARY MUSIC ORGANIZATIONS MOVEMENTS POLITICS RELIGION PHILOSOPHY SCIENCE MEDICINE SOCIOLOGY SPORTS TRANSPORTATION URBAN AFFAIRS ZOOLOGY POPULAR ARTICLE LESLIE PETER PUBLISHED LAST EDITED READING RELATED LINKS SHARE TWITTER FACEBOOK EMAIL EDITION CHICAGO TURABIAN FOLLOW CITATION STYLE PLEASE REFER TO STYLE MANUAL SOURCES IF YOU ANY QUESTIONS JUMP 20 MAY SUGGESTIONS WANT TO HEAR CONTACT VIEW SUPPORT READER SURVEY TAKE ME THE SURVEY NO THANKS THINGS HUMANS THE NORTH AMERICAN ARCTIC CENTURIES BEGINNING YEARS AGO LOOKING THULE ANCESTORS EUROPEAN EXPLORATION OF REGION NORSE SHORT ENGLISHMEN THE ELIZABETHAN THE NEXT HUNDRED THE ARCTIC IN SEARCH OF SCIENTIFIC NATIONAL PERSONAL FAME NAVIGABLE NORTHWEST PASSAGE HARSH TOOLS NORTHERN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ARCHAEOLOGISTS DISPUTE VENTURING BERING STRAIT BOATS THE SEA EASTWARD HUNTING TECHNIQUES TOOL TECHNOLOGY THE LAND ICE PALEOESKIMO WAY OF LIFE DORSET CULTURE PROCESS GROUP OF PEOPLE THE ANCESTORS ARCTIC CANADA SETTLING EUROPEAN 1600S ARRIVAL EUROPEANS EXPLORE PARTS NORTH SOUTHWESTERN COAST GREENLAND AT THE END EASTERN FRINGE NEW LAND TRADING ENGLISH SEAMEN SHORTCUT THE FAR EAST NORTH OF AMERICA MARTIN FROBISHER THE PASSAGE FIND HIS WAY BLOCKED BAFFIN ISLAND DISCOVERING MARCASITE THE ISLAND FROBISHER DELAYED SEARCH COLLECT USELESS JOHN DAVIS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE DAVIS STRAIT CUMBERLAND GULF ENTRANCE HUDSON STRAIT HENRY HUDSON HUDSON BAY ADRIFT MUTINEERS ROBERT BYLOT WILLIAM BAFFIN SIGHTING CHANNELS JONES LANCASTER JUDGED CLOSED COMMON ERROR NORTH AMERICA INLAND NORTHWEST PASSAGE SOUTHERLY ASSISTANCE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES SAMUEL HEARNE COPPERMINE RIVER ALEXANDER MACKENZIE MACKENZIE RIVER LEARNED LITTLE THE TURN VAST ARCTIC ARCHIPELAGO EAST SHORE THE ROYAL NAVY MISSION AFTER THE END THE NAPOLEONIC WARS BRITISH ADMIRALTY THE DECISION DESIRE PRESTIGE BELIEF THE NAVY MIGHT ACTUALLY DISCOVER COMMERCIAL ROUTE JOHN ROSS BELIEVED LANCASTER SOUND WILLIAM EDWARD PARRY PROVED THE SOUND THE GATEWAY UNKNOWN WESTERN PARRY CHANNEL BARROW STRAIT VISCOUNT MELVILLE SOUND MELVILLE OVERWINTERED STRAIT DISTANT VIEW BANKS ISLAND PRINCE REGENT INLET SHIP JAMES ROSS UNCLE EXPEDITION LOCKED IN BOOTHIA PENINSULA LEARNING INUIT VISITORS SLEDGED KING WILLIAM ISLAND THE FIRST EUROPEAN REACH THE NORTH MAGNETIC MAJOR BREVITY GOOD CONDITIONS SAILING AT SEA BARELY TWO MONTHS CANOE BOAT PARTIES JOHN FRANKLIN THOMAS SIMPSON CHANNEL THE CONTINENTAL SHORE THE BEAUFORT SEA FRANKLIN ENGLAND LINK THIS CHANNEL COMPLETE TWO SHIPS NEVER BRITAIN THE UNITED STATES SENT RESCUE SHIPS ICEBOUND THE SEARCH THE MISSING CREWS DONE EVIDENCE EQUIPMENT JOHN RAE RICHARD COLLINSON HORATIO AUSTIN SQUADRON BOTH SIDES SIR EDWARD BELCHER AREA EXMOUTH ISLAND NORTH CORNWALL FOR HIM LEADING JONES SOUND THE GREAT SLEDGE TRAVELLER LEOPOLD MCCLINTOCK DISCOVERED PRINCE PATRICK EGLINTON JOURNEY ROBERT MCCLURE DISCOVERS IRISH EXPLORER INTENTION FINDING THE RESCUE SOUTH AMERICA THE ARCTIC OCEAN BERING MCCLURE PRINCE OF WALES STRAIT THE NORTHEAST ANGLE THUS ALTERNATE ROUTE DIED CONNECTED THE EAST HEAVY IN SEPTEMBER REFUGE THE BAY MERCY THE INVESTIGATOR FROZEN 18 MONTHS CREW NEAR DEATH DETACHMENT EDWARD BELCHER HENRY KELLETT SAVED ONGOING FOR JOHN NEARLY TURNED WRECKED PREVIOUS ADJACENT REACHED FIGURED HUNGER SCURVY TRYING THE MAINLAND NAVIGATION HOPE STEAMER ENOUGH COAL WRESTLE ICE PACK CERTAIN NORWEGIAN ROALD AMUNDSEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PROPEL GJOA OCEAN THE ROUTE AMUNDSEN TRIP SERGEANT HENRY LARSEN RCMP WEST EAST RETURN 1900S DISCOVERY THE WORK AMERICANS ENGLISHMAN HAYES HALL THE CHANNEL ELLESMERE ISLAND BRITISH POLAR EXPEDITION ELLESMERE POINT CANADIAN TERRITORY CAPE COLUMBIA OTTO SVERDRUP THE WESTERN SURVEYED ENTIRE AXEL HEIBERG ISLAND THE WEST AMUND RINGNES ELLEF RINGNES KING CHRISTIAN ISLAND NORTHERN PARTY VILHJALMUR STEFANSSON THE EDGE CONTINENTAL SHELF MASSES MACKENZIE KING MEIGHEN BROCK DRIFTING ICE FLOES SUCCESS INUPIAT THE EXPEDITION TAUGHT HOW TO