THE PANTHEON KAITLIN ROME INTRODUCTION DEDICATED TO THE BEST ROMAN BE ONE GREATEST ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES ANCIENT TIMES IN 12 ROMAN EMPEROR HADRIAN STANDING INTERIOR PAINTED GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI 27 BC EMPEROR FIRE HADRIAN COMMISSIONED REBUILDING THE TEMPLE INDICATION BUILDING AT ALL THE PORTICO INSCRIPTION MARCUS AGRIPPA CONSUL MEANING THE THIRD BYZANTINE GAVE POPE BONIFACE VIII CONVERTED THE CHURCH OF SANTA MARIA THE CONVERSION TEMPLE CHRISTIAN CHURCH REASON WHY THE STRUCTURE GOOD CONDITION TOMB ARTISTS ANNIBALE CARRACCI RAPHAEL BURIED AT THIS TIME INSPIRATION BRUNELLESCHI AS ONE INSPIRED DESIGN THE DOME DUOMO FLORENCE CATHOLIC CHURCH HOLDS VIEW PANTHEON DOME ROMAN ARCHITECTURE EVEN THOUGH ATTRIBUTED THE COMMISSION THE ACTUAL ARCHITECT REMAINS TRADITIONAL ENTRANCE PORTICO HELD UP EIGHT COLUMNS HOLDING PEDIMENT AGRIPPA INCORPORATION OF GREEK RELATED EDUCATED ROMAN SPAIN SPENT CHILDHOOD LEARNING ANCIENT GREEK CULTURE INNOVATIVE OCULUS THE HELP ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING ITSELF TWENTY SEVEN FEET WIDE PUMICE THICKNESS THE BASE PANTHEON HIGH ALTAR EXTERIOR SIMPLE DETAIL INSIDE EMBELLISHED COLORED MARBLE BRONZE THE FLOOR INLAID GRANITE SQUARES HEIGHT WIDTH DIAMETER THE ROTUNDA THE WALLS HONEYCOMBED COFFERING APPEAR PIERS CIRCLE USED TO HOLD STATUTES GODS THEOLOGIANS DECORATIONS THE ORIGINAL POPE URBAN VII DOWN FORTIFICATIONS CONVERSION ORIGINAL STATUES CATHOLIC TODAY PRESENT FREE ARCHITECTS LIGHTER MATERIALS BEGINS AT THE BOTTOM STONES TRAVERTINE TUFA COFFERED CEILING THE INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION THE WEIGHT THE ARCHES CREATE HOLD UP UPPER DESIGNER REDUCE MIXING BRICK FASTER DRYING WOODEN MOLD OUTSIDE MIXTURE CONCRETE DRIED DISCUSSED PURPOSE ALL GREEK SCALE SIZE POWER CELESTIAL SYMBOLISM THE REPRESENTATION OF SYMBOLS THE IDEA MILITARY WE ARE TRUE MEANING AND PURPOSE LATE ROMAN EMPIRE BUILDINGS IN PARIS THOMAS ROTUNDA UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA FOREVER SEEN EVER PIAZZA DELLA ROTONDA ITALY GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY PROGENY WILLIAM HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE MA FRANK CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA JACK LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE STUDY TOUR DEPARTMENT OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE REGIONAL PLANNING THE UNIVERSITY OF AMHERST COPYRIGHT