SALMONELLA GENUS BACILLUS BACTERIUM ENTEROBACTERIACEAE SPECIES SALMONELLA ENTERICA SALMONELLA BONGORI TYPE SPECIES DIVIDED SUBSPECIES WORLDWIDE RESTRICTED ANIMALS PARTICULARLY REPTILE STRAINS CAUSE ILLNESSES TYPHOID FEVER PARATYPHOID FEVER FOOD POISONING SALMONELLOSIS SPORE MOTILE ENTEROBACTERIA CELL DIAMETERS LENGTHS FLAGELLA THE CELL CHEMOTROPHS ENERGY OXIDATION AND REDUCTION ORGANIC FACULTATIVE ANAEROBES SURVIVING OXYGEN THE FAMILY TAXONOMY THE POTENTIAL TAXONOMIC GROUP DEFINED BASIS SOMATIC LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FLAGELLAR ANTIGENS CLASSIFICATION FULL NAME SEROVAR SALMONELLA ENTERICA SUBSP SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM DIFFERENTIATION OF ASSIST INVESTIGATION ANTIBIOGRAM SUBGENOMIC TECHNIQUES GEL ELECTROPHORESIS MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE TYPING INCREASINGLY WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING SALMONELLAE CATEGORIZED INVASIVE HOST PREFERENCE DISEASE PATCHES SPLEENS TYPHOID YEARS LATER GEORG THEODOR ABLE GROW PURE CULTURE MEDICAL RESEARCH SCIENTIST THEOBALD SMITH DISCOVERED SMITH RESEARCH LABORATORY ASSISTANT VETERINARY DIVISION THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE THE DEPARTMENT ADMINISTRATION OF DANIEL ELMER SALMON VETERINARY PATHOLOGIST SALMONELLA CHOLERAESUIS THOUGHT CAUSATIVE AGENT HOG CHOLERA SALMON NAME JOSEPH LEON DANIEL GROUP HIS HONOR PRODUCE HYDROGEN SULFIDE DETECTED ON MEDIA FERROUS SULFATE TRIPLE SUGAR IRON TEST ISOLATES EXIST PHASES PHASE CULTURES PRIMARY CULTURE SWITCHED CRAIGIE TUBE DITCH MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION EXTRACTED MATHEMATICAL MODELS KINETICS DEVELOPED TOMATOES REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY CELL DIVISION INTERVAL LEAD BACTERIA PERSIST BATHROOM SETTING WEEKS WATER BACTERIAL RESERVOIRS HELP FACILITATE TRANSMISSION UV LIGHT HEAT ACCELERATE PROTECT SALMONELLA INFECTION HEATING FOOD MINUTES INTERNAL TEMPERATURE DIGESTIVE TRACTS HUMANS THE SKIN REPTILES AMPHIBIANS PEOPLE HANDLE WATER CAN CONTAMINATED COME IN CONTACT FECES INFECTED EXAMPLE SALMONELLA TYPHI HOST SPECIFICITY SHORT SPECIES NAMES THE LOCATION STRAIN MOLECULAR FINDINGS HYPOTHESIS CLASSIFIED THIS NOW NOMENCLATURE IN HARMONY TRADITIONAL USAGE FAMILIAR MICROBIOLOGY THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REPORTED BELONG INDICA SEROTYPE CLASSIFICATION OF THE ORGANISM CLASSIFICATION SCHEME VARIETIES EACH OTHER CAPITALIZED ITALICIZED SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROVAR MODERN TYPING SUBTYPING PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS VNTR ANALYSIS FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR INFECTIONS INGESTION CONTAMINATED FOOD GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE RANGE ZOONOTIC MEANING OTHER ANIMALS SALMONELLA PARATYPHI DO NOT INFECTION GENERALLY RESULTS PERSON FOODS HIGH CONCENTRATION INFANTS YOUNG CHILDREN MUCH MORE SUSCEPTIBLE SMALL NUMBER INHALATION DUST ORGANISMS ENTER DIGESTIVE TRACT MUST INGESTED LARGE NUMBERS HEALTHY BEGIN LIVING REACH GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MICROORGANISMS THE STOMACH ONES SMALL INTESTINE MULTIPLY ACIDITY THE DESTRUCTION OF THE MAJORITY EVOLVED DEGREE TOLERANCE ACIDIC ENVIRONMENTS SUBSET TO SURVIVE COLONIES TRAPPED MUCUS OESOPHAGUS THE END INCUBATION PERIOD NEARBY HOST CELLS POISONED ENDOTOXINS THE DEAD THE LOCAL RESPONSE ENTERITIS GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER AT RISK SEVERE ILLNESS IMMUNOCOMPROMISED DEVELOPED COUNTRIES PRESENT CREATE MAJOR PROBLEM BLOODSTREAM THE BLOOD PRESENTING CAUSED IN AFRICA CASE FATALITY RATE CASES THE SOUTHEAST THE AFRICAN CONTINENT YEARS AGO SECOND WAVE CAME OUT CENTRAL AFRICA INTS CONGO BASIN THE EVENT GENE ANTIBIOTIC CHLORAMPHENICOL THE NEED ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AREAS AFRICA PREVALENCE REGIONS PROPORTION POPULATION IMMUNE SUPPRESSION IMPAIRMENT THE BURDEN GENETIC MAKEUP SPREAD THE HUMAN BODY SYMPTOMS HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS GASTROINTESTINAL HIGHER SYSTEMIC THE DISEASE PASS LYMPHATIC SYSTEM INTESTINE PATIENTS FIRST ACT VASCULAR NERVOUS TONE UPSET THERMAL REGULATION VOMITING DIARRHOEA ENOUGH LIQUID ELECTROLYTES DECREASE BLOOD VOLUME ARTERIAL PRESSURE HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK SEPTIC SHOCK SHOCK MIXED CHARACTER SIGNS HYPOVOLEMIC COMMON OLIGURIA AZOTEMIA DEVELOP RENAL HYPOXIA NUMBER OFFICIALLY ABOUT TO THE UNITED WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION STUDY IN DEATH TARGETS THE BODY CROSSING THE BARRIER INTESTINAL CELL WALL ONCE STRATEGIES CELLS WALL ENDOCYTOSIS PROCESS INFLAMMATION DISRUPT TIGHT JUNCTION THE CELLS ABILITY STOP THE FLOW OF IONS IMMUNE CELLS THE COMBINATION THE DISRUPTION TIGHT JUNCTIONS INDUCTION BREACH BARRIER PHAGOCYTOSIS TRAFFICKING MECHANISM PASSING FACT NUMBERS MACROPHAGE MACROPINOCYTOSIS DISSEMINATION MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM NETWORK CONNECTIVE TISSUE TISSUE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM SUCCESS CAUSING ATTRIBUTED TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM FUNCTION DIFFERENT TIMES THE INVASION OF COLONIZATION THE OTHER SURVIVAL ESTABLISHMENT OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE SYSTEMS GENES WORK AVRA TOXIN INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM VIRTUE SERINE THREONINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE BINDING EUKARYOTIC TARGET CELL PHYTIC ACID LEAVES THE HOST BACK PAIN SPONDYLOSIS MANIFEST PATTERNS ENTERIC FEVER BACTEREMIA LOCAL INFECTION THE CHRONIC INITIAL WEAKNESS MYALGIA PARTS INDUCES ABSCESSES THE FORMS SALMONELLA INFECTIONS TRACT THE CENTRAL BONE INFECTION SOFT TISSUE RETICULAR ENDOTHELIAL INDUCE IN THE BONE MONT