PLEASE CLICK HERE IF YOU UNIVERSE ASTRONOMY LOGIN GUIDE SPACE CARNIVAL PHOTOS FORUM CONTACT PRIVACY JUPITER AND IO IMAGE JUPITER THE PLANET ARTICLE MATT WILLIAMS EVER INVENTION THE TELESCOPE FOUR HUNDRED YEARS ASTRONOMERS FASCINATED GAS GIANT MANY MOONS GIANT THINGS PLANET IMPRESSIVE FEATURE SHEER TERMS SURFACE OUR SOLAR SYSTEM WIDE PEOPLE AWARE EXISTENCE THOUSANDS ACTIVE ROLE SYSTEMS ELSE SURFACE AREA MEAN CIRCUMFERENCE DIAMETER TIMES OF EARTH THE MASS THE OTHER PLANETS THE SOLAR SYSTEM DENSITY LESS THAN ONE QUARTER MEANS VOLUME EQUIVALENT ONE WAY SCIENTISTS ABLE DETERMINE THE DEBATE RAGES CORE ORBITS THE SUN AVERAGE DISTANCE RANGING PERIHELION APHELION TAKES EARTH YEARS COMPLETE ORBIT OF THE SUN IN OTHER WORDS JOVIAN LASTS THE EQUIVALENT EARTH DAYS ROTATION FASTEST AXIS LESS THAN HOURS MINUTES 30 SECONDS SOLAR ORBITAL PERIOD LARGEST ORBITAL RESONANCE STRUCTURE LIQUID GAS GIANTS DIVIDED OUTER ATMOSPHERE INTERIOR MADE UP DENSER UPPER HYDROGEN HELIUM PERCENT GAS CONSISTING OF MODEL THE INTERIOR ROCKY DEEP LAYER LIQUID METALLIC HYDROGEN COMMONS THE ATMOSPHERE TRACE AMOUNTS WATER BENZENE TRACES HYDROGEN SULFIDE CRYSTALS FROZEN AMMONIA LAYER SUCH THAT ELEMENTS BELIEVED DENSE MOLECULAR HYDROGEN THE CORE REMAINS UNKNOWN THE EXISTENCE GRAVITATIONAL TOTAL MASS OF JUPITER PRESENCE PLANETARY FORMATION NECESSARY POINT ORDER COLLECT PROTOSOLAR NEBULA POSSIBLE CONVECTION CURRENTS METALLIC HYDROGEN MIXING ANALYSIS CONFIRMED JUNO MISSION LAUNCHED IN AUGUST INSIGHT MAKE PROGRESS PROBLEM TEMPERATURE PRESSURE INSIDE INCREASE TOWARD THE PRESSURE AT THE CORE BOUNDARY JOVIAN SYSTEM GALILEAN MOONS GALILEO GALILEI BODY MASSIVE SUBSURFACE OCEAN LARGEST MOON THOUGHT FEATURES MATERIAL GROUP AMALTHEA GROUP MOONS DIAMETERS ORBIT RADII ORBITAL INCLINATIONS HALF THE MOONS ADRASTEA NUMBER MOONLETS FAINT RING SYSTEM ARRAY IRREGULAR SATELLITES SMALLER ECCENTRIC BROKEN DOWN FAMILIES IN ORBIT COLLISIONS CAPTURED BY JUPITER ILLUSTRATION THE GALILEAN SATELLITES NASA AURORAS NORTHERN SOUTHERN AURORAL ACTIVITY MUCH MORE INTENSE MAGNETIC ABUNDANCE VOLCANOES REACT IONOSPHERE CREATE LIGHT SHOW TRULY VIOLENT WEATHER PATTERNS WIND SPEEDS OF 10 COMMON ZONAL REACH HIGH STORMS THE GREAT RED SPOT THE STORM THE GIANT SPOT MIGHT EVENTUALLY CLOUDS AMMONIUM HYDROSULFIDE TROPOPAUSE ARRANGED BANDS THE CLOUD LOWER DECK THIN CLEARER UNDERLYING EVIDENCED LIGHTNING DETECTED CAUSED POLARITY CHARGE SEPARATION OBSERVATIONS ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES UP TO THOUSAND POWERFUL HERE COLOR COMPOSITE IMAGE JUNE 3RD IMPACT ANTHONY WESLEY HISTORICAL WITH THE NAKED EYE HUMANS THEREFORE VITAL ASTROLOGICAL DATE BABYLON EMPIRE THE 7TH 8TH CENTURIES THE 2ND ASTRONOMER PTOLEMY FAMOUS GEOCENTRIC PLANETARY MODEL DEFERENTS AND EPICYCLES EXPLAIN THE ORBIT TO THE EARTH RETROGRADE MOTION THE ALMAGEST DAYS ARYABHATA MATHEMATICIAN THE CLASSICAL INDIA GEOCENTRIC MODEL ESTIMATE PERIOD THE CHINESE ASTRONOMER GAN DE DISCOVERED 362 BCE GALILEO DISCOVERY JOVIAN MOONS MILLENNIA TELESCOPE OBSERVE THE COURSE EXAMINATIONS OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM MOONS OF JUPITER THE DISCOVERY OF MAJOR HELIOCENTRIC THEORY OF