OFFICE OF THE HISTORIAN LEARN BETA HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES FOREIGN RELATIONS SERIES CURRENT STATUS HISTORY OF THE FOREIGN RELATIONS EBOOKS INITIATIVE QUARTERLY DEPARTMENT OVERVIEW SHORT HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT SECRETARIES OF STATE PRINCIPAL OFFICERS CHIEFS MISSION TRAVELS THE SECRETARY STATE THE PRESIDENT FOREIGN HEADS OF STATE WORLD WAR BUILDINGS THE DEPARTMENT OF DIPLOMATIC COURIERS MILESTONES GUIDE COUNTRY WORLD WIDE ARCHIVES INDEX RESOURCES ABOUT US BROWSE SUBJECT CONFERENCES CONTACT DEVELOPER APIS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS OPEN GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE INDIAN TREATIES ACT OF GOVERNMENT AS ONE MEANS INDIANS TRIBAL MECHANISM CASES THE GOVERNMENT SOMETIMES VIOLATED SUPREME COURT RULINGS FACILITATE SPREAD EUROPEAN AMERICANS ACROSS THE CONTINENT ANDREW JACKSON 19TH CENTURY AMERICANS BACKCOUNTRY COASTAL SOUTH MOVING TOWARD ALABAMA INDIAN TRIBES LIVING OBSTACLE WESTWARD EXPANSION WHITE SETTLERS PETITIONED THE FEDERAL REMOVE PRESIDENTS THOMAS JEFFERSON JAMES MONROE THE SOUTHEAST SHOULD EXCHANGE LANDS WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER STEPS MAJOR TRANSFER MAJOR GENERAL EXPEDITION CREEK INDIANS THE BATTLE HORSE SHOE BEND PRESENT DAY GEORGIA FORCE THE CREEKS MILITARY POWER FORCED THE INDIANS TREATY SURRENDERED ACRES TRADITIONAL THE NEXT DECADE THE WAY INDIAN REMOVAL HELPING NEGOTIATE NINE THE ELEVEN WILLIAM WEATHERFORD AFTER THE BATTLE HORSESHOE BEND KIND NATIVE AMERICAN THE AMERICANS APPETITE THE SETTLERS STRATEGY APPEASEMENT GAVE GOOD DEAL KEEP SEMINOLE TRIBE FLORIDA SECOND SEMINOLE WAR THE THIRD SEMINOLE WAR NEITHER RESISTANCE LEGAL STANDPOINT THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION EMPOWERED CONGRESS COMMERCE THEMSELVES THE PROTECTION THE UNITED STATES OF NO OTHER SOVEREIGN WHOSOEVER PRESIDENT BUILD APPROACH BASIS PRECEDENTS THE ACT PROCESS GRANT GIVE UP THE LAW FINANCIAL MATERIAL ASSISTANCE TRAVEL START LIVES LIVE ON PROPERTY FREE TRIBES LEAVING GENERAL THE END SIGNED INTO LAW ALMOST SEVENTY WAS TO MOVE NEARLY EASTERN INDIAN THE REGION BELONGING MISSOURI IOWA THE TERRITORY OPEN MILLIONS RICH EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI THE INDIAN TERRITORY DESTINATION THE TRAIL OF TEARS THE CHEROKEE NATION COURT LAWS RESTRICTED FREEDOMS CHEROKEE NATION THE STATE CHIEF JUSTICE JOHN MARSHALL ATHE INDIAN TERRITORY COMPOSE THE UNITED AFFIRMED DEPENDENT RELATION WARD THE SUPREME COURT ITSELF RULED INDEED IMMUNE PRESIDENT JACKSON REFUSED HEED SIGNATURE CHIEF RELOCATION THE TREATY NEW ECHOTA RATIFIED PROTESTS DANIEL WEBSTER HENRY CLAY PARTY FACTION THE MAJORITY JOHN ROSS ATTEMPT HOLD ONTO GUNS FEDERAL TROOPS GEORGIA STATE TRIBE THE BEST EVIDENCE THOUSAND THE FIFTEEN SIXTEEN CHEROKEES DIED EN ROUTE BRUTAL CONDITIONS EXCEPTION SMALL NUMBER SEMINOLES THE ATLANTIC THE AMERICAN SOUTH COMBINATION COERCED CONTRAVENTION JUDICIAL INCORPORATION OF NEW TERRITORIES TABLE OF CONTENTS DIPLOMACY THE AMISTAD THE OPENING CHINA THE FIRST OPIUM WAR OREGON TERRITORY ANNEXATION OF TEXAS THE TREATY OF GUADALUPE UNITED STATES MARITIME EXPANSION ACROSS THE PACIFIC GADSDEN PURCHASE PART II SECOND OPIUM WAR THE TREATY OF TIANJIN TERRITORIAL INTEREST CENTRAL AMERICA SEARCH TOPICS FOREIGN RELATIONS IMPRINT PRIVACY NOTICE EXTERNAL LINK POLICY COPYRIGHT INFO BUREAU PUBLIC STATES DEPARTMENT