INDIAN OCEAN WIKIPEDIA OPEN SEARCH EDIT THE ROCK THE INDIAN OCEAN THE THIRD LARGEST OCEANIC COVERING SQ MI WATER BOUNDED ASIA THE WEST THE EAST THE SOUTH THE SOUTHERN OCEAN MINE ANCIENT SANSKRIT HIND OCEAN EXTENT THE WORLD FACTBOOK LOCATION SOUTH SOUTHEAST WESTERN ASIA NORTHEAST EAST SOUTHERN AFRICA AUSTRALIA COORDINATES TYPE WIDTH SURFACE AREA AVERAGE DEPTH NAVAL JANSSONIUS DEPICTING INDIA THE BORDERS THE INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC ORGANIZATION MARGINAL NORTHERN DELIMITED WATERS 60 S THE ATLANTIC OCEAN RUNNING CAPE AGULHAS THE PACIFIC MERIDIAN SOUTHERNMOST POINT NORTH THE PERSIAN GULF COVERS THE RED SEA VOLUME MAXIMUM CONTINENTAL SHELVES AVERAGING KILOMETRES EXCEPTION WESTERN SHELF POINT DIAMANTINA DEEP DIAMANTINA TRENCH SUNDA TRENCH SOUTH LATITUDE BASIN PELAGIC SEDIMENTS HALF TERRIGENOUS GLACIAL THE EXTREME SOUTHERN THE MAJOR CHOKE POINTS BAB EL MANDEB STRAIT OF HORMUZ LOMBOK STRAIT THE STRAIT MALACCA PALK STRAIT THE GULF ANDAMAN SEA ARABIAN SEA BAY OF BENGAL GREAT AUSTRALIAN BIGHT LACCADIVE SEA GULF OF MANNAR MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL GULF OF OMAN PERSIAN RED SEA TRIBUTARY WATER BODIES ARTIFICIALLY CONNECTED MEDITERRANEAN SEA THE SUEZ CANAL ACCESSIBLE EASTERN HEMISPHERE THE CENTRE BAYS STRAITS GULF OF ADEN GULF OF AQABA GULF OF TADJOURA GULF OF BAHRAIN GULF OF CARPENTARIA GULF OF KUTCH GULF OF KHAMBAT INDONESIAN SUNDA TORRES PERSIAN GULF SEA OF ZANJ STRAIT CLIMATE THE EQUATOR MONSOON CLIMATE STRONG WINDS BLOW WEST WINDS THE ARABIAN SEA VIOLENT MONSOON BRINGS RAIN INDIAN SUBCONTINENT SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE GENERALLY SUMMER STORMS MAURITIUS CYCLONES SOMETIMES STRIKE SHORES THE BAY OF BENGAL IN THE WORLD OCEAN TEMPERATURE SHOW CONTINUOUS C TROPICAL TIMES FASTER RESEARCH HUMAN GREENHOUSE WARMING CHANGES THE FREQUENCY MAGNITUDE EL NINO EVENTS TRIGGER THE FEW RIVERS FLOWING THE ZAMBEZI JUBBA CURRENTS NORTHERN HEMISPHERE CLOCKWISE MOVING ANTICLOCKWISE THE AGULHAS CURRENT AGULHAS RETURN CURRENT DOMINANT FLOW WINTER THE NORTH DEEP WATER CIRCULATION ANTARCTIC MINIMUM SURFACE TEMPERATURE SOUTHWARD OF 40 TEMPERATURES DROP PRECIPITATION EVAPORATION LEADS SALINITY VARIATION VARIATIONS DRIVEN RIVER INFLOW FRESHER INDONESIAN THROUGHFLOW SURFACE WATER RANGES PARTS HIGHEST BELT PACK ICE ICEBERGS THE YEAR LIMIT BATHYMETRIC MAP LANDFORMS ACTIVE RIDGES WORLDWIDE SYSTEM MEET RODRIGUES TRIPLE POINT THE CENTRAL INDIAN CARLSBERG RIDGE THE AFRICAN PLATE INDIAN PLATE THE SOUTHWEST RIDGE THE ANTARCTIC THE SOUTHEAST THE AUSTRALIAN CENTRAL RUNS THE ARABIAN PENINSULA AFRICA SEAMOUNT CHAINS PASS OVER THE REUNION HOTSPOT MILLION YEARS AGO REUNION MASCARENE PLATEAU THE DECCAN TRAPS KERGUELEN KERGUELEN ISLANDS KERGUELEN PLATEAU NINETY EAST RIDGE RAJMAHAL TRAPS MARION PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDS EIGHTY FIVE EAST RIDGE SHOULD TRACKS BROKEN MARINE THE WESTERN HOSTS CONCENTRATION PHYTOPLANKTON IN SUMMER THE STRONG MONSOONAL WIND COASTAL OPEN OCEAN UPWELLING NUTRIENTS UPPER ZONES SUFFICIENT LIGHT AVAILABLE PHOTOSYNTHESIS SUPPORT THE MARINE THE BASE FOOD WEB EVENTUALLY FISH SHARE TUNA IMPORTANCE BORDERING DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION FISHING TAIWAN EXPLOIT SHRIMP INCREASING TAKING TOLL STUDY DECLINE UP TO THE PAST THE TUNA CATCH RATES DECLINED HALF CENTURY INDUSTRIAL FISHERIES ADDING STRESS THE FISH ENDANGERED SPECIES INDIAN OCEAN GARBAGE PATCH DISCOVERED SQUARE KILOMETRES SQUARE RIDING SOUTHERN INDIAN OCEAN VORTEX PLASTIC GARBAGE DOWN THE MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL PERIOD EXCEPT DEBRIS STUCK RESEARCHERS SOUTHAMPTON UNIVERSITY IDENTIFIED ANIMAL HYDROTHERMAL VENTS BENEATH POLYCHAETE WORM SILK ROAD SPICE TRADE ROUTES BLOCKED THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE THE FALL THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE ROUTE TRIGGERING THE AGE OF DISCOVERY THE HISTORY OF MARKED MARITIME TRADE CULTURAL COMMERCIAL EXCHANGE PROBABLY DATE SEVEN THOUSAND COMMUNICATIONS EVOLVED THE DEBUT THIS NETWORK ACHIEVEMENT CENTRALISED ADVANCED CIVILISATION LOCAL REGIONAL SHERDS POTTERY GULF DILMUN TRACES TRADING TRADED REED BOATS TRANSPORTED GOODS HARAPPA PAKISTAN GUJARAT PERIPLUS OF THE ERYTHRAEAN SEA GUIDE THE WORLD BEYOND FIRST CENTURY CE INSIGHTS TRADE IN THE REGION SHOWS ROMAN GREEK SAILORS ALREADY CONTEMPORANEOUS SETTLEMENT OF MADAGASCAR MUST COMMON KNOWLEDGE CENTURIES CIVILIZATIONS ANCIENT INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION THE VALLEYS THE TIGRIS NILE INDUS DEVELOPED SOON PERSIA SOUTHEAST ASIA FIRST DYNASTY 3000 BCE SENT ONTO THOUGHT RETURNING SHIPS GOLD VALLEY 2500 BC CONDUCTED PHOENICIANS 3RD MILLENNIUM AREAS TRADE THE ATLANTIC PACIFIC POWERFUL MONSOONS SAIL WEST WAIT MONTHS RETURN INDONESIAN PEOPLES CROSS SETTLE MADAGASCAR THE 2ND 1ST CENTURY BCE EUDOXUS OF CYZICUS SAILOR HIPPALUS SAID TO DIRECT ROUTE ARABIA INTENSIVE RELATIONS ROMAN EGYPT TAMIL KINGDOMS CHOLAS PANDYAS THE UNKNOWN AUTHOR PORTS THE HORN OF AFRICA CIRCA MOSYLON OPONE THE CIVILIZATION OF POLYNESIANS REACHED ISLANDS ATOLLS POPULATED ALMOST ALL ARCHIPELAGOS COLONIAL TIMES ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS COASTAL STATES THE MALDIVES THE ONLY ISLAND GROUP REGION ANCIENT CIVILIZATION FLOURISHED INDIAN MONSOON CURRENT TRAVEL NEARBY ADMIRAL ZHENG HE THE MING DYNASTY TREASURE VOYAGES REACHING B